This was addressed with input sanitization.ĬVE-2018-4346: Wojciech Reguła of SecuRing Impact: Parsing a maliciously crafted dictionary file may lead to disclosure of user informationĭescription: A validation issue existed which allowed local file access. Impact: An attacker in a privileged position may be able to perform a denial of service attackĭescription: A denial of service issue was addressed with improved validation.ĬVE-2018-4406: Michael Hanselmann of hansmi.ch Impact: In certain configurations, a remote attacker may be able to replace the message content from the print server with arbitrary contentĭescription: An injection issue was addressed with improved validation.ĬVE-2018-4153: Michael Hanselmann of hansmi.ch Impact: A malicious application may be able to elevate privilegesĬVE-2018-4412: The UK's National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) This issue was addressed by using pseudorandom bases for testing of primes.ĬVE-2018-4398: Martin Albrecht, Jake Massimo and Kenny Paterson of Royal Holloway, University of London, and Juraj Somorovsky of Ruhr University, Bochum Impact: An attacker may be able to exploit a weakness in the Miller-Rabin primality test to incorrectly identify prime numbersĭescription: An issue existed in the method for determining prime numbers. Impact: Multiple buffer overflow issues existed in Perlĭescription: Multiple issues in Perl were addressed with improved memory handling.ĬVE-2017-12613: Craig Young of Tripwire VERTĬVE-2017-12618: Craig Young of Tripwire VERTĭescription: A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved memory handling.ĬVE-2018-4126: Bruno Keith working with Trend Micro's Zero Day InitiativeĬVE-2018-4415: Liang Zhuo working with Beyond Security’s SecuriTeam Secure Disclosure Impact: An application may be able to read restricted memoryĭescription: A validation issue was addressed with improved input sanitization.ĬVE-2018-4417: Lee of the Information Security Lab Yonsei University working with Trend Micro's Zero Day Initiative Impact: An application may be able to execute arbitrary code with system privilegesĭescription: A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved input validation.ĬVE-2018-4410: an anonymous researcher working with Trend Micro's Zero Day Initiative Impact: A remote attacker may be able to attack AFP servers through HTTP clientsĭescription: An input validation issue was addressed with improved input validation.ĬVE-2018-4295: Jianjun Chen from Tsinghua University and UC BerkeleyĪvailable for: macOS Sierra 10.12.6, macOS High Sierra 10.13.6, macOS Mojave 10.14 Available for: macOS Sierra 10.12.6, macOS High Sierra 10.13.6
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What is the Definition of Natural Monopoly? economic moat, that exists due to the market’s high fixed costs of distribution for production and a greater need for scale for its business model to be sustainable over the long run. Instead, the company – deemed a “natural monopolist” – possesses a long-term competitive advantage, i.e. The emergence of a natural monopoly is rarely from ownership of proprietary technology, patents, intellectual property, and related assets, nor is it from unfair business practices or unethical corporate behavior prone to anti-trust regulations. In a market, there are buyers and sellers.A Natural Monopoly occurs when a single company can produce and offer to sell a product or service at a lower cost than its competitors can, resulting in practically no competition in the market. A market place facilitates the exchange of goods and services,as in a retail store where people meet face-to-face, or even a virtual one like the online e-commerce websites. The individual control of the market in a monopoly market structure is due to the following sources of power.Ī market can be defined as a place where two or more parties meet up for an economic exchange. Few examples are American electric power, Columbia Gas. This gives rise to increasing returns on sale. One producer can be more efficient than others due to the cost of production. Like patents on new drugs, the copyright for books or software, etc. The firm receives exclusive rights by the government to produce a particular product. The firm owns a key resource, for example, Debeers and Diamonds. Monopolies arise in the market due to the following three reasons. Reasons for the Existence of Monopoly Market Some of the monopoly market examples are your local gas company, railways, Facebook, Google, Patents, etc. The monopolist does not discriminate among customers and charges them all alike for the same product. The price is determined by evaluating the demand for the product. The monopolist is the price maker, i.e., it decides the price, which maximizes its profit. It has high barriers to entry for any new firm that produces the same product. Monopolists are guided by the need to maximize profit either by expanding sales production or by raising the price. There are profit maximization and price discrimination associated with monopolistic markets. Monopolies possess information that is unknown to others in the market. The product has only one seller in the market. Some characteristics of a monopoly market are as follows. This is the true essence of a monopoly market. The above 3 conditions give a monopoly market the power to influence the price of certain products. Restrictions on the Entry of any New Firm - There needs to be a strict barrier for new firms to enter the market or produce similar products. Hence in a monopoly market, there must be no close substitute for the product. There are No Close Substitutes - There will be a competition if other firms are selling similar kinds of products. This condition has to be met to eliminate any competition. That seller could be either an individual, a joint-stock company, or a firm of partners. There is a Single Producer - The product must have a single producer or seller. There are three essential conditions to be met to categorize a market as a monopoly market. There are buyers and sellers in a market which determines the size of the market.Ī monopoly market is a form of market where the whole supply of a product is controlled by a single seller. It facilitates the exchange of goods and services, and it can be a physical place like a retail store where people meet face-to-face or a virtual one, i.e., online e-commerce websites. One can define the market as a place where two or more parties meet for economic exchange. It does not face much cross elasticity of demand with all other products. No other firm produces a similar product, and the product is unique. The seller does not face any competition in such a market structure as he or she is the sole seller of that particular product. In a monopoly market structure, a single firm or a group of firms can combine to gain control over the supply of any product. Thus a monopoly market is the one where a firm is the sole seller of a product without any close substitutes. If you break up the word “Monopoly”, you get “Mono” which means single or solo, and “Poly” which means “seller”. The first version of the unique identifier, when generating the code, is based on the MAC address of the computer and its system time, which changes its numerical value 1 time per second. Thus, the system uses 36 characters at a time (26 letters and 10 numbers), so the probability of repeating 32-digit codes tends to zero, despite the fact that they are generated daily by millions of users around the world. In all cases, the final result is displayed in the format xxxxxxxx-xxxx-Mxxx-Nxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx (a number in hexadecimal notation, consisting of lowercase Latin letters and numbers, and divided by hyphens into five blocks: 8-4-4-4- 12), M stands for version, N stands for UUID variant. There are 5 versions of the identifier in total, using the system date/time and MAC addresses, DCE security protocols, MD5 hash, SHA-1 hash and namespace when generated. The UUID can generate codes using different algorithms and variables/constant values. This feature, along with ease of use and small requirements for computer performance, makes UUID in demand and indispensable in a wide variety of IT industries and autonomous computing systems. Unique identification codes, written in the format xxxxxxxx-xxxx-Mxxx-Nxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx, allow dispersed systems to recognize information without coordination from a single data center: with an almost zero probability of errors / repetitions. Simplified distribution of data across multiple dispersed servers.Ability to join different arrays of data using UUIDs as primary (unique) keys.Despite their massive use, the probability of repetition tends to zero. Minimal risks of "collision" (repetition) of codes.Generators of global unique codes do not require centralized data reconciliation/synchronization and are freely available to all users. The probability of repetition of the generated codes is not equal to zero, but tends to it, and any digital information can be identified by them, after which they can be combined into single data arrays with minimal risks of repetition. With the development of IT technologies, the universal unique identifier has ceased to be a highly specialized technical tool, and today everyone can use it. The so-called COMB (Combined GUID Time Identifier) approach increased the risks of code duplication, but at the same time significantly improved performance when working with Microsoft SQL Server. These were fixed in version 4 by adding a non-random suffix based on the computer's system time. In 2005, the latter was proposed as a new standard by the IETF, and UUID was standardized within the ITU.Įarlier in 2002, system performance issues were identified when using UUIDs as primary keys in local databases. Microsoft adopted the DCE design from Apollo Computer and registered the URN namespace in RFC 4122. With the advent of the first Windows platforms, the globally unique identifier was generalized and standardized. They were based on the simpler 64-bit codes used in Domain/OS and found widespread use in the Open Software Foundation computing environment. UUID Historyġ28-bit UUID codes were first used by the American company Apollo Computer in the 1980s. Today, UUID/GUID is ubiquitous in both online and offline networks, and works effectively not only in the global Internet space, but also in standalone computer systems. The probability that the same UUID will be generated on two different computers at different times tends to zero, which makes it possible to use the resulting codes for point/local data identification without reference to the coordination center. Thus, a computer does not “invent” a code, but forms it from specific technical quantities that are relevant at a given time. The end result of generating a UUID, displayed as a 32-character alphanumeric code separated by hyphens, may seem arbitrary, but in fact it is the result of complex calculations. It is a 128-bit code that is generated by the system based on variables and constants: current time, MAC address, SHA-1 hash, MD5 namespace. The Universally Unique Identifier (UUID), also known as the Globally Unique Identifier (GUID), has been widely used in computer systems. When we liberate our Inner Child, much happiness and joy awaits us. If you want to learn more about the Inner Child check out this famous Book . One of my favorite Tarot decks to explore this aspect of ourselves is the Inner Child Cards and I highly recommend them. Either way, it is a great card to launch you into self exploration. If we have a lot of trauma from our childhood I often see this card reversed. If we have a healthy happy childhood then this card often pops up. By meeting and liberating our Inner Child so much love and six of cups energy is available to us. Most work on the Inner Child looks at the pain and the trauma but I tend to look at the positive and potential also. Our Inner Child is our childlike aspect inside of us. I think this card is a perfect example of exploring your Inner Child. QUESTIONS TO HELP YOU EXPLORE THIS CARD MORE Which one is represented in the reading? The surrounding cards and your intuition will guide you. There are three figures in this card – the guard and the two children. The figure could also represent letting go of the ‘adult’ side for a while and enjoying the play and innocence of being in the moment. A safe place – a holding space.Īn adult walks away from the scene suggesting that the children are safe enough to be on their own. Right now the figure is far from there but with choice he can make his way back. The castle can represent home, emotional security and positive goals. Literally ‘x marks the spot’ and a guide towards being in the moment. There is honor in maintaining friendships, giving love and being loyal. The Greenery represents abundance which this card makes us feel.Ī sign of structure and elevation. A mystical symbol that reminds us that in connection and love we can find the Divine. The five petals reminds us of the pentagram – the image of universal balance of the four elements and spirit. The white color represents purity and innocence. These cups represent growth, potential and gifts of love. There are six cups and each of them contain white flowers and greenery. These children represent love, friendship and fun. The older child hands the younger child a cup in a sign of friendship and affection. The children face each other and they are happy. To the left of the card a soldier/guard walks away into the distance. In the background stands a house/manor/castle. The older child is handing the younger a cup and behind him another cup stands on a pedestal. Two children play in a courtyard surrounded by cups overflowing with greenery and white flowers. It also can mean friendships from the past and reunions. Traditionally this card means happy news about children. It is a happy time for you now with friends and family. The Six of Cups is a card of joy, happiness and innocence. Some will make them out of seaweed, whereas others will carve their nest out of coral. Mating will not occur until the male and female are one year old, and once a pair has mated for the first time they become bonded for life.Ī newborn Tadfoal (left) and a hippocampus about nine months to a year old (right). Once the Tadfoal reaches about half of the adult size, usually between July and September, it will leave its parents and find a mate. This means their gestation period is about ten months long. Hippocampi typically have babies during the month of March, while breeding occurs in late May. Hippocampi will lay between 5-10 eggs at a time. The hippocampus lays large eggs that are semi-transparent. It is believed these species have been around as long as the original species, and have evaded human detection until more modern nautical instruments were invented. Below is a chart with the year or era, location, color of each species, and the average species size. Since then, several other species of hippocampi have been discovered, the original discovery opening the floodgates. The hippocampi in that area have since been domesticated and utilized as a form of transportation by the merpeople. Hippocampi typically live in the Mediterranean area, however, a new species was found off the coast of Scotland in 1949, by merpeople. In times of overpopulation, they will also eat coral, though this is a last resort. Hippocampi are strictly herbivores, and eat different types of aquatic vegetation, like seaweed and ferns. They are anywhere between four to six feet long, depending on the species. The head and forequarters of the animal are that of a horse, while the tail and hindquarters are that of a fish. Male hippocampi are called Stalfish, while female hippocampi are called Marfish. Hippocampi live an average of forty-five years, though the oldest known hippocampus was eighty-three, called Aikaterine by the locals, when she passed. Their name is also derived from the ancient Greek language: “ hippos ” meaning “horse” and “ kampos ” meaning “sea monster”. The earliest references to hippocampi, in ancient literature and paintings, date back to the second century. The wizarding world, however, recognizes that hippocampi are of Greek descent. The hippocampus is very common in Muggle mythology, being referenced in Greek, Roman, Phoenician, Lydian, and Etruscan lore. Today we will be learning about the hippocampus, hippocampi plural. There are several ways to do this assignment, and still receive a good grade. You may also complete the observation assignment as if you visited it on your own, if you could not attend the field trip. You may elect to do it as a group, and discuss it in a chatzy, owl me and I will discuss the creature with you, or do the assignment to do it. These will be role-play creature observations. Creature observations will not be every week, but will happen two to four times this year. These assignments are to be completed after the observation. There will be a few multiple choice questions. These are optional trips to observe the creatures discussed in the lesson. Today, I am introducing creature observations. Hopefully, it was enough time to catch up on any assignments you needed to do!ĭuring the last lesson, you learned about the journals that you will be keeping as a Year Three Care of Magical Creatures student. Welcome everyone! I hope your first week back hasn’t thrown too many assignments your way, and that you had an enjoyable break. I Want a Medial Temporal Lobe for Christmas Or serving up food from countries the US is in conflict with? You've probably heard of tactics like boycotts, protests, and sit-ins, but what about fishing in potholes? Now that we have a vision, we have to figure out how to make it a reality. It's more possible than you think when you focus on what you want more than what you don't want. It's what will inspire others to join you on this journey of change. This is your utopia, your ultimate vision for a better tomorrow. Write or draw your thoughts in your dream book. Take a moment to let go of the obstacles holding you back and fully imagine the world you want to create. Next, let's take a seat and get comfortable in the dream space. Remember those feelings and let them guide you towards creating a better world. What emotions and experiences pull you closer to your issue? That mural was a symbol of change she wanted to see in the world, and it's the same kind of passion that we want you to feel. Emotions are like the sparks that ignite the fire of change.įor example, Anacostia artist, Yetunde Sapp was so moved with emotion by Breonna Taylor's tragic murder that she painted this powerful mural on a public barricadeĭuring the 2020 Black Lives Matter demonstrations in Washington, DC. Let's start by tapping into the emotions of your issue. Here, you'll not only learn about the mechanics of activism, but also design your own plan for change. Keep your chosen issue in mind as you journey through the exhibit, adding your ideas to your dream book in each section. It all starts with you.Ĭhoose an issue that speaks to you from school bullying or affordable housing to racial justice or human rights. It's a launchpad for transforming your dreams for a better world into reality.ĭare to imagine with us what a brighter tomorrow could look like. So there you have them, our top 5 best iPhone IM instant messenger apps to get you going. Windows Live Messenger with support for Windows Live, Y!, and Facebook, as well as social feeds for Facebook, Flickr, and Myspace, and access to Hotmail.Twitter is technically less IM and more DM (Direct Message) but if you want to chat in 140 characters this is the app.Skype not only lets you use Skype chat but also make VoIP and even video calls.Myspace gives you access to chat as well as updates, photos, comments, messages and more.Facebook has built-in chat as well as feed, messages, places, groups, events, photos, and more. AIM AOL Instant Messenger comes in 2 versions, free with adds and cheap without adds.If you only use one IM/chat service and for some reason really want the "official" iPhone app for that service, you're in luck - there are several in the app store: It'll really come down to which you prefer to use the most (and probably which one your friends use). Januat 10:22 AM With Yahoo Messenger you can instant message, video chat, play games, and share pictures and files with those closest to you, even if you're miles apart This. Apps like Whatsapp Messenger and Ping! also offer the same proprietary system as well. If your messaging needs are small and the few people you need to talk to have Kik (or you can get them to download it), this will work just fine. The downside is that you won't be able to link AIM and some other popular messaging clients. They provide cross-platform support for iOS, Android, and Blackberry. The other user must be using Kik messenger also. Kik Messenger has an extremely easy to use interface and push is extremely quick. The new filters are available in AdGuard Browser extension as well as in AdGuard for Windows, Mac, Android, and iOS. Right where you'll find the Annoyances filter: in the Annoyances section. AdGuard Other Annoyances filter blocks irritating elements on web pages that do not fall under the popular categories of annoyances.įor a full look at all the changes and the new filter contents, check out our GitHub repository.AdGuard Widgets filter blocks virtual assistant widgets, support chats, and other third-party widgets,.AdGuard Mobile App Banners filter blocks banners inviting you to download an app,.AdGuard Popups filter blocks all kinds of non-functional pop-ups: promotion notifications, share link suggestions or newsletter signups, and suchlike,.AdGuard Cookie Notices filter blocks cookie notices on web pages,.But it comes with five new filters, which are responsible for specific categories: The original Annoyances filter remains unchanged - you can turn it on to block all annoyances at once. So we've split the Annoyances filter so that you can block only what you need. We believe that the freedom to choose is an important value for users, and customizability is a useful quality for the product. Some users wanted to be able to use virtual chatbots, others preferred to choose how to deal with cookies themselves. Why was the filter split?īlocking everything at once was not to everyone's liking. Gradually, the filter expanded with new categories of annoyances (such as separate "Subscribe to newsletter" blocks) the number of filtering rules grew larger. What is the AdGuard Annoyances filter?Ĭreated six years ago, the Annoyances filter was designed to block cookie notifications, pop-ups, third-party widgets, online assistant chats - any annoying elements on a web page that are not considered ads. But if you found some pop-ups, app recommendations or cookie notifications useful, you can now keep them on the page, without being bothered by other kinds of annoyances. If you wanted to get rid of all the annoyances at once, nothing will change for you. In addition to the already existing AdGuard Annoyances filter, there will be the Cookie Notices filter, Popups filter, Mobile App Banners filter, and others. Now all AdGuard Ad Blocker apps and extensions will have six annoyance filters instead of one. The Annoyances filter is rather an exception. Fair enough: new filtering rules appear several times a day, but the set of AdGuard filters itself has remained quite stable over time. Update the app to the latest version, explore the new features and share your impressions with us - here or on social media.We talk a lot about ad blocking and much less about filters - although it is filters, along with their filtering rules, that make ad blocking possible. Let's hope Apple's policy doesn't change for the worse and we can extend the scope of ad-blocking and privacy settings of AdGuard for iOS.Īs always, you can see the complete list of changes on GitHub. AdGuard was one of the first to support it, along with Google ( h3://dns.google/dns-query) and Cloudflare ( h3:///dns-query). To use the new protocol, you need to add a custom DNS server with an address looking like h3:///dns-query. Last year we added its support to AdGuard DNS and now to AdGuard for iOS as well. DNS-over-HTTP/3 is a newer version of the DNS-over-HTTPS protocol. This is an additional option, which we're very happy about, nonetheless. It doesn't matter which server you use - the DNS traffic will be filtered anyway. What does this mean for you? If you turn on DNS Protection, AdGuard will automatically start blocking ads and trackers in all apps - not just Safari. Estimate of saved traffic is obviously approximate and not very optimistic - we can't know for sure how much ad traffic weighed before it was blocked.īesides, if you now install AdGuard for iOS or reset its settings to default, the AdGuard DNS filter will already be enabled. We have changed the counters on the main screen to show how many trackers are blocked and how much traffic is saved. In v4.5, we have added statistics on blocked requests to the app (see the Activity tab). Now the problem seems to have passed, and we can protect your devices from tracking even better. Old users may remember that five years ago we had to remove this feature. System-wide tracking protectionĪdding system-wide tracking protection is a major change and a big deal for us. Also due to the DnsLibs update the app supports DNS-over-HTTP/3, the last protocol that has remained unsupported until now. This is a great achievement that we are proud to introduce to you. What's in it for you? Now with AdGuard, you can block in-app trackers that can discreetly collect user data. In this version we've added system-wide tracking protection. We never stop working on improving our product and are happy to present AdGuard v4.5 for iOS. This one has a circuit breaker that helps prevent electric shocks.
You can make it subtle and barely noticeable, or you can change app icon and name as well! Now, thats a change! Youll be so intriguing to all of your friends. Decorate your home screen with your favorite theme. Learning how to change shortcut icons has never been easier! You can see it for yourself. Its not that difficult as you would think. Try out something new! Neon App Icon Creator encourages you to step out of your safe zone! Use your imagination and your creativity to make cute icons with frames. Now your home screen can have a totally different look if you forget about your old mobile app icon design and change icon shape for example! Make your own icon using simple yet charming design and to spice it up, different neon shades! And the results are amazing! With only few minutes our free icon creator will reinvent your phone look! You wont be able to recognize your home screen! If that is what you need right now, fresh look, youre at the right place. You can add your favorite background for icons or even change its shape. You can change icon color by using cool neon signs. This time, we offer you neon effect! The only limitation is your imagination! When you figure out how to change folder icon, you wont be able to stop. Thanks to Neon App Icon Creator, youll have a chance to learn that and so much more. Would you like to learn how to change desktop icons without background? Well, now you can. Show your friends this free icon collection for girls Ĭute themes you like are now available for free ĭownload icon pack and combine it with your home screen themes! Good graphics and interesting cute app icons Personalize your phone and update it with new neon light icon pack - be unique There is an option to change app name Ĭharacteristics of Neon App Icon Creator : Long press an app logo on the home screen for which you want to change icon background Ħ. Choose an app that you want to be customized ģ. Choose whether you want to pick ready-made app icon design or to create your own icon (choose the background theme, shape, color, frame, sticker) Ģ. Before you know it youll be teaching all of your friends how to change icon by themselves.Ĭustomize your phone with neon light signs and the perfect app icon maker!ġ. Join us by downloading Neon App Icon Creator ! Play with cool effect, shape design and cute borders. And you know whats in this season? Neon glowing effect! As long as you dont over do it, youll end up having the coolest neon icon style change. You can customize your home screen by your own rules or choose one of our best app icon designs. We just happen to create an app icon creator to help all of you with that. crossity app icon (source: Itunes) 21 Best Apps For Cross Stitchers. Everybody, including you, is looking for a brand new way to edit icon appearance and make it more similar to their own personal style. An animated cross stitch neon font by Lord Libidan in a bright neon pink. This time you will change icon design! It sounds impossible but hear us out. Its time for you to transform your phone display and make it more trendy! Were not talking about girly backgrounds and cool wallpapers. |
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